Rifampicin

Hanssen JLJ, et al. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 2025, 155, 107972.

This study evaluated the experimental application of rifampicin in combination versus monotherapy during the oral antimicrobial phase of staphylococcal prosthetic joint infection (sPJI) managed via debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR). In a multicenter, randomized, open-label, non-inferiority trial, adult patients with knee or hip sPJI were randomized 1-7 days before switching from intravenous to oral therapy. The total antibiotic course was 12 weeks, with 15-month follow-up. Treatment success was assessed by absence of PJI-related re-surgery, prolonged antibiotics, or PJI-associated mortality. The trial aimed to determine whether rifampicin-free monotherapy could achieve comparable efficacy, thereby enabling a more patient-tailored oral antimicrobial strategy. This methodology highlights rigorous clinical application and structured evaluation of rifampicin's role in sPJI therapy.

Xu Y, et al. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2025, 188, 118226.

Rifampicin was evaluated for its anti-obesity effects using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. In vitro, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with rifampicin to assess differentiation, lipogenesis, and lipolysis, revealing significant suppression of lipid accumulation and enhanced lipolytic activity. Sirt6 expression was quantified to establish mechanistic links. In vivo, HFD-fed mice received oral rifampicin administration, with body weight, adipose tissue browning, energy expenditure, and lipid metabolism parameters monitored. Adipose-specific Sirt6 knockout mice were used to confirm the dependency of rifampicin's effects on Sirt6. Experimental results demonstrated that rifampicin effectively inhibited HFD-induced weight gain, promoted white adipose tissue browning, and enhanced lipolysis, highlighting its potential as a pharmacological modulator of lipid metabolism via Sirt6.